REPRESENTATIVE PUBLICATIONS

Makoni, Sinfree, Geneva Smitherman, Arnetha F. Ball, and Arthur K. Spears, eds. 2003.  Black Linguistics: Language, Society and Politics in Africa and the Americas. New York: Routledge.

 

Spears, Arthur K., ed. 1999. Race and Ideology: Language, Symbolism, and Popular Culture. Detroit: Wayne State University Press.

 

Spears, Arthur K. and Donald Winford, eds. 1997. The Structure and Status of Pidgins and Creoles. Philadelphia & Amsterdam: John Benjamins Inc.

 

African-American English and Creoles. The Handbook of Pidgins and Creoles, ed. by John Victor Singler and Silvia Kowenberg. Blackwell Publishers. In press.

 

Bare Nouns in African-American English. In Bare Nouns and the Structure of DP in Creole Languages, ed. by Marlyse Baptista and Jacqueline Guéron. Philadelphia/Amsterdam: John Benjamins. In press.

 

Los Sustantivos sin determinantes en el palenquero y en el inglés afroestadounidense. Actas del III Encuentro de ACBLPE  [Asociación de Criollos de Base Léxica Portuguesa y Española], ed. by Mauro Fernández, Manuel Fernádez-Ferreiro, and Nancy Vázquez Veiga, 227-235. Frankfurt am Main & Madrid: Verveurt Verlag. 2004.

 

Languages: Africanisms in the Americas. African Folklore: An Encyclopedia., ed. by Philip M. Peek and Kwesi Yankah, 207-210. Routledge. 2004.

 

Directness in the Use of African-American English. Sociocultural and Historical Contexts of African-American English, ed. by Sonja L.Lanehart, 239-259. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins. 2001.

 

Ebonics and African-American English. Ebonics and Language Education of African Ancestry Students, ed. by Clinton Crawford, 235-247. New York: Sankofa World Publishers. 2001.

 

African-American Language Use: Ideology and So-Called Obscenity. African American English: Structure, History, and Usage, ed. by Salikoko S. Mufwene, John R. Rickford, Guy Bailey, and John Baugh, 226-250. New York: Routledge. 1998.

 

Foregrounding and Backgrounding in Haitian Creole Discourse. Focus and Grammatical Relations in Creole Languages, ed. by Francis Byrne and Donald Winford, 249‑265. John Benjamins. 1993.

 

Black American English.  Anthropology for the Nineties, ed. by Johnnetta B. Cole, 96‑113.  New York:The Free Press. 1988.

 

The Black English Semi‑Auxiliary Come. Language 58.4:850‑72. 1982.

Reprinted in Readings in African American Language: Aspects, Features, and Perspectives, ed. by Nathaniel Norment, 173-201.  New York: Peter Lang. 2002.

 

 
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